The number twelve (12) has several interesting mathematical properties and cultural significance across different societies. Here are a few facts about the number 12:

• Divisibility: 12 is a highly divisible number, with six positive divisors: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12. This makes it a composite number and an abundant number.

• Prime Factorization: The prime factorization of 12 is 2² x 3. This means it is the product of the first two prime numbers.

• Egyptian Calendar: In ancient Egypt, the year was divided into 12 months, each consisting of 30 days, with five additional days added at the end of the year.

  

• Zodiac Signs: The zodiac is divided into 12 astrological signs, each associated with a different month and personality traits. These signs are Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces.

• Dozen: A dozen is a unit of measurement consisting of 12 items. It is commonly used in counting objects such as eggs, cupcakes, or roses.

• Clocks and Time: The standard clock face is divided into 12 hours, representing the 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness in a day.

• Apothecaries' System: In pharmacy, the apothecaries' system uses 12 as the base for measuring liquid volume. One fluid ounce (fl oz) is equal to 1/12 of a pint.

• Tetradecagonal: A polygon with 12 sides is called a tetradecagon.

• Pythagorean Triple: 12 is part of the Pythagorean triple (3, 4, 5), where 3² + 4² = 12².

• Atomic Number: 12 is the atomic number of magnesium (Mg), an essential mineral for living organisms.