Headers are horizontal structural members that support the weight of floors, roofs, and other loads above them. Span refers to the distance between two supports, while load bearing capacity indicates the amount of weight a header can safely support without failing.
Header Nominal Size (in.) | Support Span (ft.) | Allowable Load (lb.) |
---|---|---|
2x6 | 8 9 10 |
1,500 1,200 1,000 |
2x8 | 10 12 14 |
2,000 1,600 1,300 |
2x10 | 12 14 16 |
2,500 2,000 1,600 |
2x12 | 14 16 18 |
3,000 2,400 2,000 |
To determine the allowable load for a header, you can use the following formula:
Allowable Load = (Span Capacity x Header Size Factor x Load Factor) / Safety Factor
Properly designed and installed headers are crucial for the structural integrity of a building. They ensure that the loads above them are safely transferred to the foundation, preventing structural damage or collapse.
Wood Headers:
Steel Headers:
Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Headers:
Story 1:
A homeowner decided to add a heavy deck to his house without consulting a structural engineer. He used a header that was too small for the load, and the deck collapsed under its own weight. Lesson: Don't attempt structural modifications without professional advice.
Story 2:
A DIY enthusiast tried to install a steel header but accidentally installed it upside down. As a result, the header buckled and caused significant damage to the wall above. Lesson: Always follow manufacturer's instructions and seek professional help if necessary.
Story 3:
A building inspector discovered that a header in a newly constructed house was completely rotted due to a leaky roof. The inspector ordered the header to be replaced immediately, preventing a potential collapse. Lesson: Proper maintenance and inspection are essential for ensuring structural safety.
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