Bhutan, a small Himalayan kingdom nestled between India and China, has made remarkable progress in its education sector in recent years. The country has a well-established education system that emphasizes both academic achievement and holistic development of students. This article provides a comprehensive overview of Bhutan's education system, including its structure, performance, and challenges.
Bhutan's education system is divided into four levels:
Bhutan's education system has shown significant improvement in recent years. The country has achieved high literacy rates, with 98.7% of the population over the age of 15 being literate. Bhutanese students also perform well on international assessments, such as the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA).
Despite the progress made, Bhutan's education system faces several challenges, including:
To address these challenges, the Bhutanese government has implemented several strategies to improve the quality of education in the country. These strategies include:
Pros:
Cons:
Bhutan has made significant progress in improving its education system, but challenges remain. By investing in early childhood education, improving teacher training, and reforming the curriculum, Bhutan can continue to strengthen its education system and ensure that all students have access to quality education.
Table 1: Education Indicators for Bhutan
Indicator | Value |
---|---|
Literacy rate (age 15+) | 98.7% |
Gross enrollment ratio (primary education) | 99.4% |
Gross enrollment ratio (lower secondary education) | 90.3% |
Gross enrollment ratio (upper secondary education) | 72.6% |
Pupil-teacher ratio (primary education) | 19:1 |
Pupil-teacher ratio (lower secondary education) | 22:1 |
Pupil-teacher ratio (upper secondary education) | 25:1 |
Table 2: Education Spending in Bhutan
Year | Education expenditure as % of GDP |
---|---|
2016 | 12.9% |
2017 | 13.2% |
2018 | 13.5% |
2019 | 13.8% |
2020 | 14.1% |
Table 3: Bhutan's Performance on PISA
Year | Math score | Reading score | Science score |
---|---|---|---|
2012 | 415 | 432 | 421 |
2015 | 448 | 450 | 447 |
2018 | 470 | 462 | 458 |
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