The Tharu language, spoken by the Tharu people of Nepal, India, and Bhutan, holds significant cultural and historical importance. Its richness extends beyond its words and grammar, embodying the distinct traditions and beliefs of the Tharu community. This comprehensive dictionary aims to provide a valuable resource for learners, researchers, and anyone interested in exploring the vibrant tapestry of the Tharu language.
The Tharu language belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family and traces its roots to ancient Sanskrit. Over centuries, it has undergone significant evolution, incorporating influences from various neighboring languages. Despite its rich history, the Tharu language has faced challenges in recent times due to globalization and the dominant influence of other languages. This dictionary serves as a critical tool in preserving and promoting this unique language.
Phonology
Grammar
Vocabulary
The dictionary is organized alphabetically, with each entry providing the following information:
Vowel | IPA | Example |
---|---|---|
a | ɑ | बर /bar/ (field) |
aa | aː | ताम /tamː/ (you) |
i | i | मित /mit/ (salt) |
ii | iː | मीर /miːr/ (son) |
u | u | सूप /sup/ (soup) |
uu | uː | पूल /puːl/ (bridge) |
e | e | सेत /set/ (white) |
ee | eː | मेम /memː/ (sheep) |
o | o | कोल /kol/ (charcoal) |
oo | oː | मोना /monaː/ (neck) |
Consonant | IPA | Example |
---|---|---|
k | k | कपाट /kapat/ (door) |
kh | kʰ | खेत /kʰet/ (field) |
g | g | गीत /git/ (song) |
gh | gʱ | घांटी /gʱaːnʈi/ (throat) |
c | ʧ | चाँद /ʧaːnd/ (moon) |
ch | ʧʰ | चाकू /ʧaːkʰu/ (knife) |
j | ʤ | जात /ʤat/ (caste) |
jh | ʤʱ | झान्स /ʤʱaːns/ (drum) |
ṭ | ʈ | टोपी /ʈopi/ (hat) |
ṭh | ʈʰ | ठेगा /ʈʰeːga/ (log) |
ɖ | ɖ | डार /ɖaːr/ (branch) |
ɖh | ɖʱ | ढोल /ɖʱol/ (drum) |
t | t | तेल /tel/ (oil) |
th | tʰ | थाली /tʰaːli/ (plate) |
d | d | धान /dhan/ (rice) |
dh | dʱ | ढिँडी /dʱiːnɖi/ (bean) |
n | n | नेल /nel/ (eye) |
p | p | पाना /pana/ (leaf) |
ph | pʰ | फूल /pʰuːl/ (flower) |
b | b | बाँस /baːns/ (bamboo) |
bh | bʱ | भात /bʱaːt/ (rice) |
Story 1:
One day, a Tharu man named Ram decided to go fishing. As he was walking along the riverbank, he saw a group of boys throwing stones at a small frog. Ram immediately intervened, scolding the boys for their cruelty. The boys laughed at him and continued to torment the frog.
Lesson: Kindness and compassion should not be limited to humans but extended to all living creatures.
Story 2:
Sita, a Tharu woman, was known for her quick wit. One day, she was invited to a feast at her neighbor's house. As she was leaving, the neighbor's young son asked her for some money. Sita smiled and replied, "My dear boy, money is like a kite. If you chase it too hard, it will fly away."
Lesson: True wealth lies not in material possessions but in relationships and experiences.
Story 3:
Hari and Laxmi were a Tharu couple who had been married for many years. One morning, Hari was feeling particularly affectionate and decided to tell Laxmi how much he loved her. However, his words came out all wrong. Instead of saying, "I love you," he accidentally said, "I have five buffaloes."
Laxmi, not amused, responded, "Well, if you have five buffaloes, then I have fifteen cows."
Lesson: Communication can be tricky, especially when emotions are involved. It's important to express oneself clearly and avoid unintended misunderstandings.
1. Pronunciation:
2. Vocabulary:
3. Grammar:
1. False Cognates:
2. Gender Confusion:
3. Negation:
The Tharu language dictionary is an invaluable tool for anyone interested in learning, preserving, and appreciating the rich cultural heritage of the Tharu community. By providing a comprehensive and accurate record of the language's words, grammar, and pronunciation, this dictionary empowers learners and researchers alike. Let us embrace the vibrant language of the Tharu people and ensure its continued existence for generations to come.
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